| Country | Relevant Statutes / Mechanisms | |---------|--------------------------------| | | Anti‑human trafficking law (2000, updated 2015) criminalises forced labour and sexual exploitation; enforcement varies. | | United Arab Emirates | Federal Law No. 10/2017 on Combating Trafficking; labour law includes provisions against sexual harassment, but victims must prove “force”. | | Malaysia | Immigration Act and Employment Act; however, domestic workers are excluded from many protections, leaving a legal vacuum. | | Hong Kong | Employment Ordinance and Immigration Ordinance protect foreign domestic helpers; the Sexual Offences Ordinance applies, but reporting barriers remain. |
Kuma, K. (2017). Migrant domestic workers in Indonesia: A review of the literature. Journal of Migration, Health and Care, 16(2), 147-162. tkw di entot majikan