Reverses the process at the receiver to retrieve the original message. 2. Sampling and Quantization
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Converts the digital bitstream into an analog signal suitable for transmission over a physical medium. Demodulator & Decoder:
: Data encryption allows for secure transmission, which is critical for military and private applications.
Changes the phase of the carrier wave. Binary PSK (BPSK) and Quadrature PSK (QPSK) are extensively covered for their bandwidth efficiency. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM):
This section is critical for understanding how data is physically represented on a wire.
