In Islamic terminology, Fitnah refers to trials, afflictions, or civil strife that test a believer's faith. Imam Bukhari compiled these narrations in (often listed as Book 92 in English numbering) to guide the Ummah on how to navigate periods of confusion and moral decay. Key Themes Covered
The book discusses the qualities of leaders and the conditions under which they will arise. It gives insight into just and unjust rulers and the impact of their leadership on the populace. kitab ul fitan sahih bukhari pdf urdu